Vladimir Putin's unexpected selection of Andrei Belousov, an economist, as defense minister indicates a significant shift in Russia's economic approach towards a wartime footing, particularly in the context of the conflict in Ukraine. This move highlights the crucial role of the economy in supporting military efforts and suggests that the success of Russian forces in Ukraine may hinge on their ability to outpace the West in arms manufacturing.
According to Sam Greene, a professor of Russian politics at King's College London, Belousov's appointment is not just about recognizing the economic significance of the war but also about reshaping power dynamics within Putin's inner circle. It reflects a broader rivalry between ministers focused on the economy and those focused on security and defense within the Russian government.
Belousov, 65, lacks a military or law enforcement background, having previously served as an economic development minister and an academic. His nomination to replace Sergei Shoigu, who has been defense minister since 2012, suggests a strategic shift towards revitalizing Russia's military-industrial complex to address technological challenges posed by the West.
Belousov has maintained a low profile throughout his career and is seen as a competent technocrat without strong political ambitions.
His 2018 proposal to redistribute profits from successful state enterprises faced resistance from the business community but underscored his commitment to state-led economic growth.
Belousov's appointment aligns with Putin's vision of a self-reliant Russia, aiming to reduce dependence on Western imports by advancing domestic technological capabilities. His religious background and commitment to improving soldiers' welfare resonate with key aspects of Putin's military and ideological agenda.
Belousov's selection as a civilian defense minister during a prolonged war marks a departure from the tradition of appointing military figures to the role. Unlike his predecessors, Shoigu and Anatoly Serdyukov, Belousov's clean reputation and lack of corruption scandals may have influenced Putin's decision, reflecting an effort to combat corruption within the defense ministry.
While Shoigu's removal as defense minister may not be viewed as a demotion, given his new role as head of Russia's security and defense council, it signifies a significant shift in the management of Russia's defense strategy.