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A preliminary report released by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) on Tuesday revealed that the large container ship responsible for the collapse of the Francis Scott Key Bridge had experienced two power losses before departing from the Port of Baltimore. The NTSB has been investigating the collision, which resulted in six fatalities and significant infrastructure damage, since it occurred in the early morning hours of March 26.
Approximately 10 hours before its departure, the container ship, named Dali, encountered a blackout during maintenance when a crew member inadvertently closed an inline engine exhaust damper, obstructing the engine's exhaust and causing it to stall. Although power was restored manually, a second blackout occurred due to insufficient fuel pressure in one of the ship's generators. The crew managed to restart the generator by reopening its exhaust damper
According to the report, while recovering from the second blackout, the crew switched the ship's electrical configuration to use a different set of breakers than those that had been in use for several months. These new breakers were in use when the ship departed.
The Dali left the port at 12:36 a.m., assisted by two tugboats and a pair of pilots. Nine minutes later, the senior pilot ordered the release of the tugboats, and the Dali was navigating the channel under its own power. Less than an hour later, at 1:25 a.m., two electrical breakers that supplied most of the ship's power tripped, causing the first blackout offshore and resulting in the shutdown of the main engine and steering mechanism. At that moment, the Dali was 0.6 miles away from the bridge.
The voyage data recorder was affected by the blackout, stopping the recording of the ship's system data for about one minute, although it continued to record audio. The crew restored electrical power, but when the ship was 0.2 miles from the bridge, a second electrical blackout occurred, causing a total loss of vessel electrical power. One of the pilots had already alerted a dispatcher on shore, who then closed the bridge to traffic. However, seven road maintenance workers and one inspector were still on the bridge when the ship struck. The inspector survived by running to the nearest span before the bridge collapsed, while the maintenance workers fell into the river and died.
A crew member on the Dali sustained minor injuries from debris when part of the bridge fell on top of the ship. The report did not comment on whether the first set of power outages or the crew's efforts to fix them were related to the second set of power outages once the ship was sailing.
The report noted that the ship's owners and Baltimore officials are in court over responsibility for the incident. The city of Baltimore filed a lawsuit against the ship's owner and manager, claiming they failed to properly train and supervise the crew, follow safe work procedures, and maintain and inspect the vessel.
The NTSB report ruled out substance use and fuel problems as factors in the disaster. The entire crew tested negative for drugs and alcohol, and the fuel complied with international standards and regulations.
The NTSB's investigation is ongoing, with further examination of the Dali's propulsion and electrical systems, analysis of its voyage data recorder, and interviews planned with stakeholders. The agency is also assessing other bridges to determine if they need improved pier protection.